一、设计思路
用C#写的比较基础的windows Form 程序,该计算器实现了基础的数学运算,如加,减,乘,除等任务.主要是通过该程序学习vs.net的
编程环境,以及windows Form程序.主要针对初学者
我们分两部份来实现程序,
第一部份.程序界面
1,以下控件表
控件类型 Name Text
form calcForm 计算器
button button1 0
.....
button10 9
bDot .(小数点) 小数点按钮
bPlus +(加号) 加号按钮
bSub -(减号) 减号按钮
bMul *(乘号) 乘号按钮
bDiv /(除号) 除号按钮
bEqu =(等号) 等号按钮
bClr AC 清除按钮
textBox txtCalc (空值) 用来显示输入及输出结果
第二部份,程序结构
1,定义以下变量
Double dblAcc; //运算数A
Double dblSec; //运算数B
bool blnClear,blnFrstOpen;//布尔类型用来判断清除与否,以及第一个显示字符
String strOper;//通过获取strOper的值来决定运算+,-,*,/,=
2,用以下方法来实现按钮的动作
例: bDot.click+=net EventHandler(btn_clk);//EventHandler类是事件代表类,用来注册事件的处理方法.
//第一个参数是object类型,指向发出事件的对象;
//第二个参数是EventArgs类型,包含了关于这个事件的数据
3,用以下方法来判断运算以及运算操作
private void calc(){
switch(strOper){
case "+":
dblAcc+=dblSec;//加法运算
break;
case "-":
dblAcc-=dblSec;//减法运算
break;
case "*":
dblAcc*=dblSec;//乘法运算
break;
case "/":
dblAcc/=dblSec;//除法运算
break;
}
strOper="=";//等号运算
blnFrstOpen=true;
txtCalc.Text=Convert.ToString(dblAcc);//将运算结果转换成字符型,并输出结果
dblSec=dblAcc;
}
4,小数点运算
//先判断是否已经按了小数点按钮,如果按了,最0.x来代替运算变量,并且将转换成Double数型数值
private void btn_clk(object obj,EventArgs ea){
if(blnClear)
txtCalc.Text="";
Button b3=(Button)obj;
txtCalc.Text+=b3.Text;
if(txtCalc.Text==".")
txtCalc.Text="0.";
dblSec=Convert.ToDouble(txtCalc.Text);
blnClear=false;
}
程序中所涉及到的一些问题,都给解决了,现在我们动手吧!操上我的利器,去完成任务吧!
二、开发过程
下面跟我们一步步学习吧.
先启动vs.net,建一个空的C#项目
名称用wincalc,位置就自己设定好了。确定后，从vs.net开发环境中右边的工具箱中加入控件表的控件，,注意修改txtCalc的如属性ReadOnly=True,RightTOLeft=Yes(从右至左输入),添加代码如源程序所示:
三、源程序
//基本的计算器
//蚕蛹 2001.11.26
//Using C#
//E-mail:sillnet@hotmail.com
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace wincalc
{
///
/// Summary description for calcForm.
///
public class calcForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button4;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button5;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button6;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button7;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button8;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button9;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button10;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button bClr;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button bDot;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button bPlus;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button bSub;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button bMul;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button bDiv;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button bEqu;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtCalc;
//以下是要添加的代码
//定义变量
Double dblAcc;
Double dblSec;
bool blnClear,blnFrstOpen;
String strOper;
//以上是添加的代码
///
/// Required designer variable.
///
private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
public calcForm()
{
//
// Required for Windows Form Designer support
//
InitializeComponent();
//
// TODO: Add any constructor code after InitializeComponent call
//
//以下是要添加的代码
//初始化设量
dblAcc=0;
dblSec=0;
blnFrstOpen=true;
blnClear=true;
strOper=new string(‘=‘,1);
//以上是添加的代码
}
///
/// Clean up any resources being used.
///
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
if( disposing )
{
if(components != null)
{
components.Dispose();
}
}
base.Dispose( disposing );
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
///
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
///
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.bPlus = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.bMul = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.bDot = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.txtCalc = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.bClr = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.bDiv = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.bSub = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button8 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button9 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.bEqu = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button10 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button5 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button6 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button7 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// bPlus
//
this.bPlus.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control;
this.bPlus.ForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;
this.bPlus.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(208, 112);
this.bPlus.Name = "bPlus";
this.bPlus.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 80);
this.bPlus.TabIndex = 1;
this.bPlus.Text = "+";
//以下是要添加的代码
bPlus.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_Oper);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// bMul
//
this.bMul.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 112);
this.bMul.Name = "bMul";
this.bMul.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.bMul.TabIndex = 1;
this.bMul.Text = "*";
//以下是要添加的代码
bMul.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_Oper);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// bDot
//
this.bDot.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;
this.bDot.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(112, 208);
this.bDot.Name = "bDot";
this.bDot.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.bDot.TabIndex = 0;
this.bDot.Text = ".";
//以下是要添加的代码
bDot.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// txtCalc
//
this.txtCalc.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 24);
this.txtCalc.Name = "txtCalc";
this.txtCalc.ReadOnly = true;
this.txtCalc.RightToLeft = System.Windows.Forms.RightToLeft.Yes;
this.txtCalc.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(224, 21);
this.txtCalc.TabIndex = 2;
this.txtCalc.Text = "";
//
// bClr
//
this.bClr.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control;
this.bClr.ForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;
this.bClr.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(208, 64);
this.bClr.Name = "bClr";
this.bClr.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.bClr.TabIndex = 0;
this.bClr.Text = "AC";
//以下是要添加的代码
bClr.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clr);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// bDiv
//
this.bDiv.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 160);
this.bDiv.Name = "bDiv";
this.bDiv.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.bDiv.TabIndex = 1;
this.bDiv.Text = "/";
//以下是要添加的代码
bDiv.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_Oper);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// bSub
//
this.bSub.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 64);
this.bSub.Name = "bSub";
this.bSub.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.bSub.TabIndex = 1;
this.bSub.Text = "-";
//以下是要添加的代码
bSub.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_Oper);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button8
//
this.button8.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 64);
this.button8.Name = "button8";
this.button8.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.button8.TabIndex = 0;
this.button8.Text = "7";
//以下是要添加的代码
button8.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button9
//
this.button9.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(64, 64);
this.button9.Name = "button9";
this.button9.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.button9.TabIndex = 0;
this.button9.Text = "8";
//以下是要添加的代码
button9.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// bEqu
//
this.bEqu.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control;
this.bEqu.ForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;
this.bEqu.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 208);
this.bEqu.Name = "bEqu";
this.bEqu.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(80, 32);
this.bEqu.TabIndex = 1;
this.bEqu.Text = "=";
//以下是要添加的代码
bEqu.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_equ);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button10
//
this.button10.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(112, 64);
this.button10.Name = "button10";
this.button10.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.button10.TabIndex = 0;
this.button10.Text = "9";
//以下是要添加的代码
button10.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button4
//
this.button4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(112, 160);
this.button4.Name = "button4";
this.button4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.button4.TabIndex = 0;
this.button4.Text = "3";
//以下是要添加的代码
button4.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button5
//
this.button5.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 112);
this.button5.Name = "button5";
this.button5.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.button5.TabIndex = 0;
this.button5.Text = "4";
//以下是要添加的代码
button5.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button6
//
this.button6.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(64, 112);
this.button6.Name = "button6";
this.button6.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.button6.TabIndex = 0;
this.button6.Text = "5";
//以下是要添加的代码
button6.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button7
//
this.button7.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(112, 112);
this.button7.Name = "button7";
this.button7.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.button7.TabIndex = 0;
this.button7.Text = "6";
//以下是要添加的代码
button7.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button1
//
this.button1.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control;
this.button1.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 208);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(80, 32);
this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
this.button1.Text = "0";
//以下是要添加的代码
button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button2
//
this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 160);
this.button2.Name = "button2";
this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.button2.TabIndex = 0;
this.button2.Text = "1";
//以下是要添加的代码
button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// button3
//
this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(64, 160);
this.button3.Name = "button3";
this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32);
this.button3.TabIndex = 0;
this.button3.Text = "2";
//以下是要添加的代码
button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk);
//以上是添加的代码
//
// calcForm
//
this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(256, 261);
this.Controls.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.Control[] {
this.txtCalc,
this.bEqu,
this.bDiv,
this.bMul,
this.bSub,
this.bPlus,
this.bDot,
this.bClr,
this.button10,
this.button9,
this.button8,
this.button7,
this.button6,
this.button5,
this.button4,
this.button3,
this.button2,
this.button1});
this.Name = "calcForm";
this.Text = "计算器";
this.ResumeLayout(false);
}
#endregion
//以下是要添加的代码
//小数点的操作
private void btn_clk(object obj,EventArgs ea){
if(blnClear)
txtCalc.Text="";
Button b3=(Button)obj;
txtCalc.Text+=b3.Text;
if(txtCalc.Text==".")
txtCalc.Text="0.";
dblSec=Convert.ToDouble(txtCalc.Text);
blnClear=false;
}
//程序开始点
private static void Main(){
Application.Run(new calcForm());
}
private void btn_Oper(object obj,EventArgs ea){
Button tmp=(Button)obj;
strOper=tmp.Text;
if(blnFrstOpen)
dblAcc=dblSec;
else
calc();
blnFrstOpen=false;
blnClear=true;
}
//等号运算
private void btn_equ(object obj,EventArgs ea){
calc();
}
//所有运算操作
private void calc(){
switch(strOper){
case "+":
dblAcc+=dblSec; //加号运算
break;
case "-":
dblAcc-=dblSec; //减号运算
break;
case "*":
dblAcc*=dblSec; //乘号运算
break;
case "/":
dblAcc/=dblSec; //除号运算
break;
}
strOper="="; //等号运算
blnFrstOpen=true;
txtCalc.Text=Convert.ToString(dblAcc);//将运算结果转换成字符类型,并输出
dblSec=dblAcc;//将运算数A的值放入运算数B中,以便后面运算
}
//清除按钮
private void btn_clr(object obj,EventArgs ea){
clear();
}
//清除按钮的操作
private void clear(){
dblAcc=0;
dblSec=0;
blnFrstOpen=true;
txtCalc.Text="";
txtCalc.Focus();//设置焦点为txtCalc
}
//以上是添加的代码
}
}
以上只是一个简单的用C#开发的Windows Form程序,在vs.nt bate2+windows 2000专业版编译通过.向正在学习vs.net网友们抛砖引玉，其功能上还有很多不完善的地方，欢迎网友们将其完善。 |